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Rhythm in Arabian music
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Rhythm in Arabian music : ウィキペディア英語版
Rhythm in Arabian music

Rhythm in Arabian music is analysed by means of rhythmic units called ''awzan'' and ''iqa'at.
==Wazn and Iqa'==

A rhythmic pattern or cycle in Arabian music is called a "wazn" ((アラビア語:وزن); plural أوزان / ''awzān''), literally a "measure", also called ''darb'', ''mizan'', and ''usul'' 〔Touma 1996, 210.〕 as is in Ottoman classical music). A ''Wazn'' is performed on the goblet drum (tarabuka), frame drum (riqq or tar), and kettle drums (naqqarat).〔Touma 1996, 49.〕
A ''wazn'' is only used in musical genres with a fixed rhythmic-temporal organization including recurring measures, motifs, and meter or pulse.〔Touma 1996, 47.〕 It consists of two or more regularly recurring time segments, each time segment consisting of at least two beats (''naqarāt'', plural of ''naqrah''). There are approximately one hundred different cycles used in the repertoire of Arab music, most shared with Turkish music. They are recorded and remembered through onomatopoetic syllables and the written symbols O and I.〔Touma 1996, 48.〕 ''Wazn'' may be as large as 176 units of time.〔Touma 1996, 48.〕
''Iqa''' ((アラビア語:إيقاع) / ''īqā‘''; plural إيقاعات / ''īqā‘āt'') are rhythmic modes or patterns in Arabian music.〔Waugh, ''Memory, Music, and Religion: Morocco's Mystical Chanters'', 201.〕 There are reputed to be over 100 ''iqa'at'',〔Randel, Apel, ''The New Harvard Dictionary of Music''〕 but many of them have fallen out of fashion and are rarely if ever used in performance. The greatest variety of ''iqa'at'' (ranging from two to 48 beats) are used in the ''muwashshah''.

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